Monday, March 23, 2015

Zo hnahthlakte thlang tlak dan


Zo hnahthlak hrang hrangte hi \awngzir mi(Linguist) te chuan Tibeto Burman hnuaiah min rin lut a. Tibeto Burman hnuai a hnam hrang hrang te hi China ram a\anga rawn pem thla in, tun hma chuan China chhim thlang lam Yang Tse leh Hoang-ho luipui kam a cheng tawh te ni a sawi a ni (Lehman 11).[1] DGE Hall lehkhabu “A History of South-East Asia”-ah chuan Gobi thlaler, Tibet hmarchhak lam emaw Kansu hmun lai te hi an rawn chhuahna niin a sawi ve thung. Sangkima chuan China chhim lam a\anga thlang rawn tla thla \an ni in a sawi bawk (Sangkima 2004:20). A eng a pawh chu ni se Mizo historian tu pawh mai hian China lam chhuak kan nih hi chu tuman an ringhlel awm lo e.

Burma Kawlphai luh thu: He an thlang tlak dan hi ngaihnawm tak a ni a, an kal dan hi \huang thum lian tak tak te a \hen a ni a. A \huang khatna hi Pyu, Arakanese, Kachin leh hnam te an ni a. |huang hnihna leh \huang thumna hi Shan, Tai, Karen, Mon-Khmer leh midangte ni a sawi a ni. Zo hnahthlak te hi \huang khatna-a rawn thlang tla ve luipui kam rawn zawh zelin Chindwind luipui kam hi  a lo thleng thla a ni (Kipgen 1997:37). Chindwind luipui kam a\ang hian thlang lamah tawlh zelin Kabaw Valley an tih ‘Kawphai’ an lo thleng a. Hetih hun lai hian Kawlho nen hian rei tak chhung chu an cheng ho ni a sawi a ni. Zo hnanthlak te’n kawlhnam, kawlhrei, Kawltu, Kawlbahra, Kawlhai, Kawlthei, Kawlfung, Kawlhren, Kawlper leh a dang te hi an ni nen a chen ho a\ang a kan neih a ni (cited in Lalrimawia 1995:13). Hemi hnu hian he hmun a\ang hian Zo hnahthlak te thinlung a lai luahlumtu Khampat hmunah hian an in suan leh a (K. Zawla 2011:8). Pu K  Zawla hian hetih hunlai hi 950 AD ni in a chhut. He hun hi hun chin chhiah tlak tak a ni reng mai achhan chu Khampat hmunah hian Zo hnathlak hrang hrang te a bikin Chin, Burma awm ta te hi lungrual taka an luangza na hmun a ni a, \awng chikhat an hmang ni in Pu Mangkhosat Kipgen chuan a sawi nghe nghe (Kipgen 1997:39). He hmunah hian kum zabi hnih lai chu an khawsa nghe nghe a, amaherawh chu an lal thar ber nunrawng vang leh luilian vak mai chuan an awmna te a rawn tih chhiat avangin loh theihloh in an pem a lo ngai ta a ni (K. Zawla 2011:11). Amaherawh chu Pu B Lalthangliana hian Pu K Zawla ngaihdan ang ni lo  ngaihdan dang deuh a rawn nei ve bawk. Ani ngaihdanah chuan an hmelmate’n an rawn beih vangin a sawi thung, a hunbi-ah pawh Khampat an chhuahsan hun hi 1200AD ai chuan a hma theilo tiin a rawn sawi bawk.

Khampat an chen hunlai hi Mizo history-ah chuan hun chhinchhiah tlak tak a ni a. An chhuahsan dawn hian Khampat Bung an phun a, a zung hian lei a thlen hunah kan let leh ang tih kha an ngaihdan a ni, he an let leh ngei dawn tih hi an bul a awm Burma mi te hriatah an chham kher tiin Pu Mangkhosat Kipgen chuan a sawi bawk (Kipgen 1997:40-41). Khampat history a pawimawh em em na chhan chu Zo hnahthlak tam tak hian kan \obul kan sawi hian kan thinlung a a dai loh vek vang a ni. Chumi avang chuan hnam ang a zaikhat a kan luanna chungchangah hian hmanraw \ha tak pakhat a ni.

CHIN HILLS
Khampat a\anga an chhuak hi Zo hnathlak hrang hrangte hi kan kal darh \an ta ni in a lang a. |henkhat te chuanChin Hills tan tlang leh tan tlang lo te in Manipur thleng te in an kal ta hlawm a. Heng hnam te hi Paite, Simte, Haokip leh Thado hnam te ni a ngaih a ni (Kipgen 1997:41).  A tam zawk hian chhim thlang lamah tawlh thla zelin Tiddim, Falam leh Haka ah tea wm hmun an khuar a, a \hente phei chu kal zelin Zotung, Matupi leh Mara ho phei chu Mizoram chhim tawp lam thlengin an tawlh thla ta zel a ni (ibid:40). Heng bakah hian Pautu te, Hualngo, Khawlhring, Darlong, Hmar, Thado, Gangte leh an chipui hnamte |iau kanin an kal ta zel a, Mizoram hmun hi an thleng ta ni in an sawi.

            Lusei te, Ralte, Chawngthu, Khiangte, Hauhnar, Chuaungo, Chuauhang, Ngente, Punte, Parte leh midang te pawh Chin Hills-ah hian an lut thla zel a. Thantlang leh Run lui kam velah hian 1250-1400 AD hunlai vel khan an lo cheng tawh a. Thantlang leh Run lui kam chu chhuahsanin Lentang leh |iau hmunah te hian 1450-1700 AD (Lalthangliana 2001:105).  Chin Hills an awmlai hian khuate an din a, hnam bil angin a hran \heuhin an awm hlawm a. Khampat hunlai a khawlian deuh erawh chu ram lei lungin a zirloh avangin an din thei lo a ni. Hemi avang hian a hma ang a inpumkhatna ang kha an nei theihloh phah deuh ni in a lang.

              Rev Liangkhaia (1976:23) khan sakhuana kan neih \anna bul ni in he hun lai hi a sawi a.  Hetih hunlai hi Zo hnahthlak zing a Luseiho lal neih hun ni a sawi a ni bawk.

LUSHAI HILLS/MIZORAM THLEN THU
            A hma kan sawi tawh ang khan Zo hnahthlak hnam hrang hrangte hi thlang tla zelin Chin Hills a\angin Mizoram, Tripura, Assam leh Manipur thlengin an in zarpharh a. Dr. Rinmawia chuan |iau kan  hmasaber te hi Kumzabi 16-na hunlai hawl vel ni in, Hrangkhawl, Darlawng, Biate, Hmar te ninin Mizoram  mai bakah Cachar leh Tripura-ah chhuk zelin a sawi (Lalrimawia 1995:15). Heng mite hi Old-Kuki ti a kan koh te an ni. A \um hnihna hi Thado, Jangshen ni leh in  a kal hmasa ho nawr thla zel tut e ni a ngaih an ni a. Mahse heng hnam te pawh hi Luseiho in an nawr thla ve bawk ni a sawi a ni, an ni hi thlangtla hnu hnung ber a ngaih an ni a (Sangkima 2000:26). Sailo ho bik thlang tlak hun hi kum zabi sawm pasarihna hnulam a\anga kumzabi sawm pakuana hun tir am thleng a ngaih a ni. Khawchhak (Chin Hills) a awm Pawi te hian an khua-ah chhiah an khawn fo avang in Sailo lal pasarih te hian 1740 AD khan Selesih Sangsarih kan tih chu an lo din ta a ni.
            Lusei hnam bik te hi Selesih a\ang chuan pem darh lehin Mizoram hmun hrang hrang an in \aidarh ta hlawm a ni.

References:

Kipgen, Mangkhosat. 1997. Christianity and Mizo Culture, Aizawl: Mizo Theological Conference
Lalrimawia.1995. Mizoram: History and Culture Identity (1890-1947), Guwahati: Spectrum Publications.
Lalthangliana, B. 1977. History of Mizo in Burma. Aizawl
Lalthangliana, B. 2001. Mizo Chanchin, Aizawl:RTM Press
Hall, D.G.E.1981. A history of South-East Asia: St. Martin's Press
Liangkhaia.1976. Mizo Chanchin, Aizawl: Mizo Academy of Letters
Sangkima.2004. Essay  on the History of the Mizos. Guwahati: Spectrum Publication
Zawla, K. 2011. Mizo Pi Pute leh an Thlahte Chanchin. Aizawl: Lalnipuii



[1] He ngaihdan hi tawng/ literature khaikhinna leh Anthropology zirna atang te a keuh thluk a ni.